Overview
This standard focuses on how thermal energy is transferred. Concepts introduced in previous grades and related to the states of matter are presented in standards 2.3 and 5.4. More complex concepts and terminology related to phase changes are introduced in PS.7, including the distinction between heat and temperature. It is intended that students will actively develop scientific investigation, reasoning, and logic skills, and the nature of science (PS.1) in the context of the key concepts presented in this standard.
PS.7 The student will investigate and understand temperature scales, heat, and thermal energy transfer. Key concepts include a) Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales and absolute zero; b) phase change, freezing point, melting point, boiling point, vaporization, and condensation; c) conduction, convection, and radiation; and d) applications of thermal energy transfer.
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Essential Understandings |
Essential Knowledge, Skills, and Processes |
The critical scientific concepts developed in this standard include the following:
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In order to meet this standard, it is expected that students will
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